L-Lysine (YMDB00330)

Identification

YMDB ID

YMDB00330

Name

L-Lysine

Species

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Strain

Baker's yeast

Description

Lysine (abbreviated as Lys or K) is an alpha-amino acid. The L-isomer is one of the 22 proteinogenic amino acids, i.e., the building blocks of proteins. It is classified as a polar, basic amino acid, because of the positively charged nature of the amino-alkyl side chain. In yeast, lysine is synthesized from aspartic acid (aspartate). Specifically, L-aspartate is first converted to L-aspartyl-4-phosphate by aspartokinase (or Aspartate kinase). Subsequently, beta-aspartate semialdehyde dehydrogenase converts this into beta-aspartyl-4-semialdehyde (or beta-aspartate-4-semialdehyde) through an NADH-dependent reaction. After this step, Dihydrodipicolinate synthase adds a pyruvate group to the beta-aspartyl-4-semialdehyde, and two water molecules are removed. This causes cyclization and gives rise to 2,3-dihydrodipicolinate. This product is reduced to 2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate by dihydrodipicolinate reductase. Tetrahydrodipicolinate N-acetyltransferase opens this ring and gives rise to N-succinyl-L-2-amino-6-oxoheptanedionate (or N-acyl-2-amino-6-oxopimelate). N-succinyl-L-2-amino-6-oxoheptanedionate is converted into N-succinyl-LL-2,6-diaminoheptanedionate (N-acyl-2,6-diaminopimelate). This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme succinyl diaminopimelate aminotransferase. A glutaric acid molecule is used in this reaction and an oxoacid is produced as a byproduct. N-succinyl-LL-2,6-diaminoheptanedionate (N-acyl-2,6-diaminopimelate)is converted into LL-2,6-diaminoheptanedionate (L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate) by succinyl diaminopimelate desuccinylase (acyldiaminopimelate deacylase). A water molecule is consumed in this reaction and a succinate is produced a byproduct. LL-2,6-diaminoheptanedionate is converted by diaminopimelate epimerase into meso-2,6-diamino-heptanedionate (meso-2,6-diaminopimelate). Finally meso-2,6-diamino-heptanedionate is converted into L-lysine by diaminopimelate decarboxylase. Lysine catabolism is unusual in the way that the ε-amino group is transferred to alpha-ketoglutarate and into the general nitrogen pool. The reaction is a transamination in which the ε-amino group is transferred to the alpha-keto carbon of alpha-ketoglutarate forming the metabolite, saccharopine. Saccharopine is immediately hydrolyzed by the enzyme alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase in such a way that the amino nitrogen remains with the alpha-carbon of alpha-ketoglutarate, producing glutamate and alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde. The ultimate end-product of lysine catabolism is acetoacetyl-CoA.

Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

(+)-S-Lysine
(S)-2,6-diamino-Hexanoate
(S)-2,6-diamino-Hexanoic acid
(S)-2,6-Diaminohexanoate
(S)-2,6-Diaminohexanoic acid
(S)-a,e-Diaminocaproate
(S)-a,e-Diaminocaproic acid
(S)-Lysine
2,6-Diaminohexanoate
2,6-Diaminohexanoic acid
6-amino-Aminutrin
6-amino-L-Norleucine
a-Lysine
alpha-Lysine
Aminutrin
h-Lys-oh
L-(+)-Lysine
L-2,6-Diainohexanoate
L-2,6-Diainohexanoic acid
L-2,6-Diaminocaproate
L-2,6-Diaminocaproic acid
L-Lys
Lys
Lysine
Lysine acid
(S)-alpha,epsilon-Diaminocaproic acid
6-Ammonio-L-norleucine
K
L-Lysin
Lysina
Lysinum
(S)-a,epsilon-Diaminocaproate
(S)-a,epsilon-Diaminocaproic acid
(S)-alpha,epsilon-Diaminocaproate
(S)-Α,epsilon-diaminocaproate
(S)-Α,epsilon-diaminocaproic acid
Acetate, lysine
Enisyl
Lysine hydrochloride
L Lysine
Lysine acetate

CAS number

56-87-1

Weight

Average: 146.1876
Monoisotopic: 146.105527702

InChI Key

KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N

InChI

InChI=1S/C6H14N2O2/c7-4-2-1-3-5(8)6(9)10/h5H,1-4,7-8H2,(H,9,10)/t5-/m0/s1

IUPAC Name

(2S)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid

Traditional IUPAC Name

L-lysine

Chemical Formula

C₆H₁₄N₂O₂

SMILES

[H]OC(=O)[C@@]([H])(N([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])[H]

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

belongs to the class of organic compounds known as l-alpha-amino acids. These are alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organic acids and derivatives

Class

Carboxylic acids and derivatives

Sub Class

Amino acids, peptides, and analogues

Direct Parent

L-alpha-amino acids

Alternative Parents

Substituents

L-alpha-amino acid
Medium-chain fatty acid
Amino fatty acid
Fatty acid
Fatty acyl
Amino acid
Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
Carboxylic acid
Organic oxide
Organopnictogen compound
Organic oxygen compound
Primary amine
Organooxygen compound
Organonitrogen compound
Primary aliphatic amine
Carbonyl group
Organic nitrogen compound
Amine
Hydrocarbon derivative
Aliphatic acyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic acyclic compounds

External Descriptors

lysine (CHEBI:18019 )
aspartate family amino acid (CHEBI:18019 )
proteinogenic amino acid (CHEBI:18019 )
L-alpha-amino acid (CHEBI:18019 )
Common amino acids (C00047 )

Physical Properties

State

Solid

Charge

Melting point

224.5 °C

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Reference
Water Solubility	1000 mg/mL at 20 oC [YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)]	PhysProp
LogP	-3.05 [HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)]	PhysProp

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	105 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	-3.8	ALOGPS
logP	-3.2	ChemAxon
logS	-0.14	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	2.74	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	10.29	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	1	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	4	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	3	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	89.34 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	5	ChemAxon
Refractivity	37.81 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	15.84 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	0	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	1	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	Yes	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	Yes	ChemAxon

Biological Properties

Cellular Locations

extracellular
mitochondrion
vacuole
cytoplasm

Organoleptic Properties

Flavour/Odour	Source
Odorless	FDB000474

SMPDB Pathways

lysine metabolism

PW002420

KEGG Pathways

Biotin metabolism	ec00780
Lysine biosynthesis	ec00300
Lysine degradation	ec00310

SMPDB Reactions

Saccharopine + NAD + water → NADH + hydron + Oxoglutaric acid + L-Lysine

KEGG Reactions

Adenosine triphosphate + tRNA(Lys) + L-Lysine → Adenosine monophosphate + Pyrophosphate + Lys-tRNA(Lys)

NAD + water + Saccharopine ↔ NADH + Oxoglutaric acid + hydron + L-Lysine

Concentrations

Intracellular Concentrations

Intracellular Concentration	Substrate	Growth Conditions	Strain	Citation
702 ± 14 µM	YPD media	aerobic	Baker's yeast	PMID: 7654310
561 ± 11 µM	YPG media	aerobic	Baker's yeast	PMID: 7654310
351 ± 7 µM	SD media	aerobic	Baker's yeast	PMID: 7654310
421 ± 8 µM	SG media	aerobic	Baker's yeast	PMID: 7654310
351 ± 7 µM	M (molasses)	aerobic	Baker's yeast	PMID: 7654310
842 ± 17 µM	MA (molasses)	aerobic	Baker's yeast	PMID: 7654310
281 ± 6 µM	MB (molasses)	aerobic	Baker's yeast	PMID: 7654310
772 ± 15 µM	MAB (molasses)	aerobic	Baker's yeast	PMID: 7654310
3620 ± 181 µM	YEB media with 0.5 mM glucose	aerobic	Baker's yeast	Experimentally Determined Not Available
1860 ± 683 µM	Synthetic medium with 20 g/L glucose	aerobic	Baker's yeast	PMID: 12584756
Conversion Details Here

Extracellular Concentrations

Not Available

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	View
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (3 TMS)	splash10-00di-3910000000-98c565675de67aa87900	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0ab9-1910000000-87ef8534f592041f50f2	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (4 TMS)	splash10-0a4i-1921000000-84f7815b0f650fa17444	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (3 TMS)	splash10-001i-9600000000-823408dba509cb204acf	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (3 TMS)	splash10-00di-3910000000-4f5578af5e7d8b6c49f7	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (4 TMS)	splash10-0adi-1921000000-4e56d95e623e792f9e6b	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-00di-0921000000-eeb49e57bc1a75193058	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0ab9-0921000000-ebb902be0f3754225b2f	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-00di-3910000000-98c565675de67aa87900	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0ab9-1910000000-87ef8534f592041f50f2	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-QQ (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0fdk-3923000000-15b84c2649c1b0455de1	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0a4i-1921000000-84f7815b0f650fa17444	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)	splash10-001i-9600000000-823408dba509cb204acf	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)	splash10-00di-3910000000-4f5578af5e7d8b6c49f7	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0adi-1921000000-4e56d95e623e792f9e6b	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0abi-1900000000-9ad174122e4d6e003eb8	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-0089-9100000000-974cc55c9130ed5213eb	JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-0ue9-9700000000-57b24ae819b6ec26bfd2	JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_3) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-003r-8900000000-470a0beb4f338ed89bca	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-001i-9000000000-74e9193d9d33c2509bfa	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-0a59-9000000000-822c4e78250fffa56e39	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-0002-0900000000-04f9a62a77fb5a37ca22	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-001i-9000000000-035035ecfa084671479b	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-001i-0900000000-5bb15839f86f4fca0d0b	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-001i-0900000000-6c8ef03aa83eb1cab35b	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-01ot-0910000000-c182a7dcdbc260666978	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-0a4j-0900000000-6c5f378cef2f14204e15	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-001i-0900000000-41e1a6499097748934b0	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-03di-0390000000-7270a0b85b9e3f9f6373	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negative	splash10-0002-0900000000-a997e809874357908880	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negative	splash10-0002-2900000000-f64110414f82c93e1fe8	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negative	splash10-014m-9200000000-33a38e6370811c5ddc82	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negative	splash10-0006-9000000000-3a8b0b6e62f5c66d3720	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negative	splash10-0006-9000000000-d5167570d11d77fd541e	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Positive	splash10-0002-0900000000-a46231bd529176101129	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Positive	splash10-001i-9200000000-f8b9f01b2a9886c51df9	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Positive	splash10-001i-9000000000-ace0361476d939043e98	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Positive	splash10-001i-9000000000-5b06b6e9dcf9faf8e89c	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Positive	splash10-053r-9000000000-2894ef6d7f72ea71688e	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - CE-ESI-TOF (CE-system connected to 6210 Time-of-Flight MS, Agilent) , Positive	splash10-0002-0900000000-290902f43cf851e8ef5e	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Positive	splash10-001i-9300000000-f81193f6b50235ec8147	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Positive	splash10-001i-9300000000-8931d2193adab166d5e4	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Negative	splash10-0002-0900000000-b4825cc64fcb830c6967	JSpectraViewer \| MoNA
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
2D NMR	[1H,1H] 2D NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer
2D NMR	[1H,13C] 2D NMR Spectrum	Not Available	JSpectraViewer

References

References:

Martinez-Force, E., Benitez, T. (1995). "Effects of varying media, temperature, and growth rates on the intracellular concentrations of yeast amino acids." Biotechnol Prog 11:386-392.7654310
UniProt Consortium (2011). "Ongoing and future developments at the Universal Protein Resource." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D214-D219.21051339
Scheer, M., Grote, A., Chang, A., Schomburg, I., Munaretto, C., Rother, M., Sohngen, C., Stelzer, M., Thiele, J., Schomburg, D. (2011). "BRENDA, the enzyme information system in 2011." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D670-D676.21062828
Herrgard, M. J., Swainston, N., Dobson, P., Dunn, W. B., Arga, K. Y., Arvas, M., Bluthgen, N., Borger, S., Costenoble, R., Heinemann, M., Hucka, M., Le Novere, N., Li, P., Liebermeister, W., Mo, M. L., Oliveira, A. P., Petranovic, D., Pettifer, S., Simeonidis, E., Smallbone, K., Spasic, I., Weichart, D., Brent, R., Broomhead, D. S., Westerhoff, H. V., Kirdar, B., Penttila, M., Klipp, E., Palsson, B. O., Sauer, U., Oliver, S. G., Mendes, P., Nielsen, J., Kell, D. B. (2008). "A consensus yeast metabolic network reconstruction obtained from a community approach to systems biology." Nat Biotechnol 26:1155-1160.18846089
Arevalo-Rodriguez, M., Calderon, I. L., Holmberg, S. (1999). "Mutations that cause threonine sensitivity identify catalytic and regulatory regions of the aspartate kinase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Yeast 15:1331-1345.10509015
Hans, M. A., Heinzle, E., Wittmann, C. (2003). "Free intracellular amino acid pools during autonomous oscillations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Biotechnol Bioeng 82:143-151.12584756
Castrillo, J. I., Zeef, L. A., Hoyle, D. C., Zhang, N., Hayes, A., Gardner, D. C., Cornell, M. J., Petty, J., Hakes, L., Wardleworth, L., Rash, B., Brown, M., Dunn, W. B., Broadhurst, D., O'Donoghue, K., Hester, S. S., Dunkley, T. P., Hart, S. R., Swainston, N., Li, P., Gaskell, S. J., Paton, N. W., Lilley, K. S., Kell, D. B., Oliver, S. G. (2007). "Growth control of the eukaryote cell: a systems biology study in yeast." J Biol 6:4.17439666

Synthesis Reference:

Rothstein, Morton. DL-Lysine-6-C14 and DL-a-aminoadipic acid-6-C14. Biochemical Preparations (1961), 8 85-8.

External Links:

Resource	Link
CHEBI ID	18019
HMDB ID	HMDB00182
Pubchem Compound ID	5962
Kegg ID	C00047
ChemSpider ID	5747
FOODB ID	FDB000474
Wikipedia	Lysine
BioCyc ID	LYS

Enzymes

Protein Details

1. Saccharopine dehydrogenase [NAD+, L-lysine-forming]

General function:: Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:: Catalyzes the NAD(+)-dependent cleavage of saccharopine to L-lysine and 2-oxoglutarate
Gene Name:: LYS1
Uniprot ID:: P38998
Molecular weight:: 41464.39844

Reactions

N(6)-(L-1,3-dicarboxypropyl)-L-lysine + NAD(+) + H(2)O → L-lysine + 2-oxoglutarate + NADH.

Protein Details

2. Lysyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial

General function:: Involved in nucleotide binding
Specific function:: ATP + L-lysine + tRNA(Lys) = AMP + diphosphate + L-lysyl-tRNA(Lys)
Gene Name:: MSK1
Uniprot ID:: P32048
Molecular weight:: 66127.60156

Reactions

ATP + L-lysine + tRNA(Lys) → AMP + diphosphate + L-lysyl-tRNA(Lys).

Protein Details

3. Lysyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic

General function:: Involved in nucleotide binding
Specific function:: ATP + L-lysine + tRNA(Lys) = AMP + diphosphate + L-lysyl-tRNA(Lys)
Gene Name:: KRS1
Uniprot ID:: P15180
Molecular weight:: 67958.0

Reactions

ATP + L-lysine + tRNA(Lys) → AMP + diphosphate + L-lysyl-tRNA(Lys).

Transporters

Protein Details

1. General amino-acid permease GAP1

General function:: Involved in transport
Specific function:: Permease for various amino acids as well as for GABA. Can also transport L-cysteine and beta-alanine
Gene Name:: GAP1
Uniprot ID:: P19145
Molecular weight:: 65654.89844

Protein Details

2. Vacuolar basic amino acid transporter 1

General function:: Involved in transmembrane transport
Specific function:: Transporter required for vacuolar uptake of at least histidine and lysine
Gene Name:: VBA1
Uniprot ID:: Q04301
Molecular weight:: 62638.80078

Protein Details

3. Vacuolar basic amino acid transporter 3

General function:: Involved in transmembrane transport
Specific function:: Transporter required for vacuolar uptake of histidine and lysine
Gene Name:: VBA3
Uniprot ID:: P25594
Molecular weight:: 50224.89844

Protein Details

4. Vacuolar basic amino acid transporter 2

General function:: Involved in transmembrane transport
Specific function:: Transporter required for vacuolar uptake of histidine, arginine and lysine and to a lesser extent tyrosine
Gene Name:: VBA2
Uniprot ID:: P38358
Molecular weight:: 51676.39844

Protein Details

5. Lysine-specific permease

General function:: Involved in transport
Specific function:: High-affinity permease for lysine
Gene Name:: LYP1
Uniprot ID:: P32487
Molecular weight:: 68089.10156

Structure for #<Compound:0xaa058a34>

Enzymes

Reactions

Reactions

Reactions

Transporters