{"ymdb_id":"YMDB00132","created_at":"2011-05-29T15:59:52.000Z","updated_at":"2016-10-18T17:11:18.000Z","name":"Putrescine","cas":"110-60-1","state":"Solid","melting_point":"27.5 oC","description":"Putrescine is a polyamine formed in yeast from L-ornithine by ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). Polyamines (e.g. spermidine, putrescine, spermine) are a ubiquitous group of compounds involved in many biological processes, including binding to nucleic acids, stabilizing membranes, and stimulating several enzymes. [Biocyc PWY-46 and POLYAMINSYN3-PWY]","experimental_water_solubility":null,"experimental_logp_hydrophobicity":"-0.70 [SANGSTER (1994)]","location":"extracellular;cytoplasm","synthesis_reference":"Dudley, H. W.; Thorpe, W. V. Synthesis of N-methylputrescine and of putrescine. Biochemical Journal (1925), 19 845-9. ","chebi_id":"17148","hmdb_id":"HMDB01414","kegg_id":"C00134","pubchem_id":"1045","cs_id":"13837702","foodb_id":null,"wikipedia_link":"Putrescine","biocyc_id":"PUTRESCINE","iupac":"butane-1,4-diamine","traditional_iupac":"putrescine","logp":"-0.845120264","pka":null,"alogps_solubility":"2.36e+02 g/l","alogps_logp":"-0.98","alogps_logs":"0.43","acceptor_count":"2","donor_count":"2","rotatable_bond_count":"3","polar_surface_area":"52.04","refractivity":"27.3786","polarizability":"11.070241676529026","formal_charge":"0","physiological_charge":"2","pka_strongest_basic":"10.505115467408618","pka_strongest_acidic":null,"bioavailability":"1","number_of_rings":"0","rule_of_five":"1","ghose_filter":"0","veber_rule":"0","mddr_like_rule":"0","synonyms":["1,4-Butanediamine","1,4-Butylenediamine","1,4-Diaminobutane","1,4-Tetramethylenediamine","Butylenediamine","Putrescin","Tetramethyldiamine","Tetramethylenediamine"],"pathways":[{"name":"Arginine and proline metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00330"},{"name":"Glutathione metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00480"},{"name":"beta-Alanine metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00410"}],"growth_conditions":[{"growth_media":"YEB media with 0.5 mM glucose","concentration":"74.0","concentration_units":"\u0026#181;M","error":"4.0"}],"references":[{"pubmed_id":21051339,"citation":"UniProt Consortium (2011). \"Ongoing and future developments at the Universal Protein Resource.\" Nucleic Acids Res 39:D214-D219."},{"pubmed_id":21062828,"citation":"Scheer, M., Grote, A., Chang, A., Schomburg, I., Munaretto, C., Rother, M., Sohngen, C., Stelzer, M., Thiele, J., Schomburg, D. (2011). \"BRENDA, the enzyme information system in 2011.\" Nucleic Acids Res 39:D670-D676."},{"pubmed_id":18846089,"citation":"Herrgard, M. J., Swainston, N., Dobson, P., Dunn, W. B., Arga, K. Y., Arvas, M., Bluthgen, N., Borger, S., Costenoble, R., Heinemann, M., Hucka, M., Le Novere, N., Li, P., Liebermeister, W., Mo, M. L., Oliveira, A. P., Petranovic, D., Pettifer, S., Simeonidis, E., Smallbone, K., Spasic, I., Weichart, D., Brent, R., Broomhead, D. S., Westerhoff, H. V., Kirdar, B., Penttila, M., Klipp, E., Palsson, B. O., Sauer, U., Oliver, S. G., Mendes, P., Nielsen, J., Kell, D. B. (2008). \"A consensus yeast metabolic network reconstruction obtained from a community approach to systems biology.\" Nat Biotechnol 26:1155-1160."},{"pubmed_id":18625006,"citation":"Pirkov, I., Norbeck, J., Gustafsson, L., Albers, E. (2008). \"A complete inventory of all enzymes in the eukaryotic methionine salvage pathway.\" FEBS J 275:4111-4120."},{"pubmed_id":11171066,"citation":"Tomitori, H., Kashiwagi, K., Asakawa, T., Kakinuma, Y., Michael, A. J., Igarashi, K. (2001). \"Multiple polyamine transport systems on the vacuolar membrane in yeast.\" Biochem J 353:681-688."}],"proteins":[{"created_at":"2011-05-24T21:12:40.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-27T15:00:57.000Z","name":"Polyamine oxidase FMS1","uniprot_id":"P50264","uniprot_name":"FMS1_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"FMS1","num_residues":508,"molecular_weight":"57805.10156","theoretical_pi":"5.38","general_function":"Amino acid transport and metabolism","specific_function":"Involved in the production of beta-alanine, a precursor of pantothenic acid. Multicopy suppressor of fenpropimorph resistance","reactions":[{"id":1903,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":1906,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":1907,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2368,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":"Spermine + O(2) + H(2)O = spermidine + 3-aminopropanal + H(2)O(2).","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2369,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":"Spermidine + O(2) + H(2)O = putrescine + 3-aminopropanal + H(2)O(2).","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2370,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":"N(1)-acetylspermine + O(2) + H(2)O = spermidine + 3-acetamidopropanal + H(2)O(2).","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2371,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":"N(1)-acetylspermidine + O(2) + H(2)O = putrescine + 3-acetamidopropanal + H(2)O(2).","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2372,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":"N(8)-acetylspermidine + O(2) + H(2)O = 4-acetamidobutanal + trimethylenediamine + H(2)O(2).","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":3757,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R006281","source":"Smpdb"}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":"1YY5","cellular_location":null,"genbank_gene_id":"X81848","genbank_protein_id":"1143556","gene_card_id":"FMS1","chromosome_location":"chromosome 13","locus":"YMR020W","synonyms":["Fenpropimorph resistance multicopy suppressor 1"],"enzyme_classes":["1.5.3.17"],"go_classes":[],"pfams":[{"name":"Amino_oxidase","identifier":"PF01593"}],"pathways":[{"name":"beta-Alanine metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00410"}],"gene_sequence":"ATGAATACAGTTTCACCAGCCAAAAAAAAGGTTATTATAATTGGTGCCGGTATTGCTGGGCTTAAAGCTGCATCTACGCTACACCAAAACGGTATTCAAGATTGTCTTGTTCTTGAGGCCAGAGATCGGGTCGGTGGTAGGTTGCAAACTGTCACAGGCTATCAAGGTCGGAAATATGATATAGGTGCTAGCTGGCACCATGATACGTTGACAAACCCTTTATTTTTGGAAGAGGCTCAACTGAGTTTGAATGATGGGAGAACGAGGTTTGTTTTTGATGACGATAATTTTATTTATATCGACGAAGAACGTGGAAGGGTAGACCATGACAAGGAACTGCTTCTTGAAATTGTGGACAATGAAATGAGCAAATTCGCAGAGTTAGAATTCCATCAACACTTAGGAGTTTCAGATTGCTCCTTTTTTCAATTAGTAATGAAATACTTACTACAAAGACGCCAATTTCTCACAAATGACCAAATAAGATATTTGCCACAACTCTGTCGATATCTGGAATTGTGGCACGGCTTAGATTGGAAGCTTTTGAGTGCCAAGGATACATACTTCGGTCACCAAGGAAGGAACGCCTTTGCTTTGAACTATGATTCTGTGGTTCAAAGAATTGCTCAAAGCTTTCCTCAAAATTGGTTAAAGCTAAGTTGTGAAGTGAAATCAATTACACGAGAACCTTCAAAAAATGTGACAGTGAACTGTGAAGATGGTACTGTGTACAATGCTGATTATGTTATTATTACAGTACCTCAAAGTGTATTGAATTTGTCTGTACAACCTGAAAAAAATTTACGGGGAAGAATAGAATTTCAACCACCCTTGAAACCAGTGATTCAAGATGCTTTTGACAAGATCCATTTTGGAGCGCTAGGTAAAGTAATTTTTGAGTTTGAAGAATGTTGTTGGTCGAACGAAAGTTCAAAAATTGTAACTTTGGCTAACTCTACCAATGAATTTGTCGAAATAGTACGTAATGCGGAAAATTTAGATGAATTAGACTCTATGCTAGAAAGGGAAGATTCTCAAAAGCATACGAGTGTTACTTGTTGGAGCCAGCCTTTATTTTTCGTAAATTTGTCAAAAAGCACAGGAGTAGCAAGCTTTATGATGTTGATGCAGGCACCGCTTACAAATCACATAGAATCCATTAGAGAAGATAAAGAGCGTCTTTTTAGTTTTTTCCAACCTGTGCTGAACAAGATTATGAAGTGTCTAGATTCTGAGGATGTCATCGACGGAATGAGGCCGATAGAAAACATTGCAAACGCTAATAAACCAGTCTTAAGAAACATCATCGTTAGCAACTGGACACGCGATCCTTACTCACGCGGTGCTTATTCGGCCTGTTTTCCAGGAGATGATCCAGTTGATATGGTTGTTGCAATGTCTAATGGTCAAGACTCCCGCATAAGATTTGCAGGCGAACATACTATCATGGACGGCGCCGGCTGTGCCTATGGTGCTTGGGAAAGCGGAAGACGGGAGGCGACTCGAATCTCTGACTTACTGAAATAG","protein_sequence":"MNTVSPAKKKVIIIGAGIAGLKAASTLHQNGIQDCLVLEARDRVGGRLQTVTGYQGRKYDIGASWHHDTLTNPLFLEEAQLSLNDGRTRFVFDDDNFIYIDEERGRVDHDKELLLEIVDNEMSKFAELEFHQHLGVSDCSFFQLVMKYLLQRRQFLTNDQIRYLPQLCRYLELWHGLDWKLLSAKDTYFGHQGRNAFALNYDSVVQRIAQSFPQNWLKLSCEVKSITREPSKNVTVNCEDGTVYNADYVIITVPQSVLNLSVQPEKNLRGRIEFQPPLKPVIQDAFDKIHFGALGKVIFEFEECCWSNESSKIVTLANSTNEFVEIVRNAENLDELDSMLEREDSQKHTSVTCWSQPLFFVNLSKSTGVASFMMLMQAPLTNHIESIREDKERLFSFFQPVLNKIMKCLDSEDVIDGMRPIENIANANKPVLRNIIVSNWTRDPYSRGAYSACFPGDDPVDMVVAMSNGQDSRIRFAGEHTIMDGAGCAYGAWESGRREATRISDLLK"},{"created_at":"2011-05-27T02:18:58.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-27T15:01:17.000Z","name":"Spermidine synthase","uniprot_id":"Q12074","uniprot_name":"SPEE_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"SPE3","num_residues":293,"molecular_weight":"33323.80078","theoretical_pi":"5.24","general_function":"Involved in catalytic activity","specific_function":"S-adenosylmethioninamine + putrescine = 5'-S- methyl-5'-thioadenosine + spermidine","reactions":[{"id":1970,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2670,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":"S-adenosylmethioninamine + putrescine = 5'-S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + spermidine.","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":3759,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R006283","source":"Smpdb"}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":null,"genbank_gene_id":"U27519","genbank_protein_id":"1326074","gene_card_id":"SPE3","chromosome_location":"chromosome 16","locus":"YPR069C","synonyms":["SPDSY","Putrescine aminopropyltransferase"],"enzyme_classes":["2.5.1.16"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Process","description":" Not Available"}],"pfams":[{"name":"Spermine_synth","identifier":"PF01564"}],"pathways":[{"name":"Cysteine and methionine metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00270"},{"name":"Arginine and proline metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00330"},{"name":"beta-Alanine metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00410"},{"name":"Glutathione metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00480"}],"gene_sequence":"ATGGCACAAGAAATCACTCACCCAACTATTGTAGACGGCTGGTTCAGAGAAATTTCTGATACCATGTGGCCAGGCCAGGCCATGACTTTAAAAGTGGAGAAAGTTTTACACCATGAGAAGTCAAAATATCAAGACGTTTTGATCTTCAAATCCACTACATATGGTAATGTTCTAGTTTTAGATAATGTAATTCAAGCCACCGAAAGGGATGAATTTGCCTACCAAGAAATGATTGCCCATCTTGCCTTGAATTCCCATCCAAATCCTAAGAAGGTTCTTGTTATTGGTGGGGGTGATGGTGGTGTTTTGAGAGAGGTTGTCAAGCATGATTCCGTTGAGGAAGCCTGGTTATGTGACATTGATGAAGCTGTTATTAGACTATCAAAGGAGTACCTACCAGAAATGGCTGCCTCTTATTCTCACCCAAAGGTTAAGACCCACATTGGTGATGGTTTCCAATTTTTAAGAGATTACCAAAACACATTTGACGTAATCATTACTGACTCTTCTGACCCAGAAGGTCCAGCTGAAACCCTTTTCCAAAAGGAATATTTCCAATTGTTGAACAGTGCGTTGACAGAAAAGGGTGTAATCACTACACAAGCAGAAAGTATGTGGATTCACTTGCCAATCATTAAGGACTTAAAGAAAGCCTGTTCTGAAGTTTTCCCAGTTGCAGAATACTCTTTCGTTACTATTCCAACTTACCCAACTGGTACGATTGGTTTTATGGTTTGCTCCAAAGATAAAACTTGCAATGTCAAGAAGCCACTACGTGAAATCTCTGATGAGAAGGAGGCTGAATTATACAGATACTATAACAAGAAAATTCACGAAGCTTCCTTTGTTCTACCAACCTGGGCAGCCAAGGAATTAAATTAG","protein_sequence":"MAQEITHPTIVDGWFREISDTMWPGQAMTLKVEKVLHHEKSKYQDVLIFKSTTYGNVLVLDNVIQATERDEFAYQEMIAHLALNSHPNPKKVLVIGGGDGGVLREVVKHDSVEEAWLCDIDEAVIRLSKEYLPEMAASYSHPKVKTHIGDGFQFLRDYQNTFDVIITDSSDPEGPAETLFQKEYFQLLNSALTEKGVITTQAESMWIHLPIIKDLKKACSEVFPVAEYSFVTIPTYPTGTIGFMVCSKDKTCNVKKPLREISDEKEAELYRYYNKKIHEASFVLPTWAAKELN"},{"created_at":"2011-05-27T02:20:05.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-27T15:01:17.000Z","name":"Polyamine transporter 4","uniprot_id":"Q12256","uniprot_name":"TPO4_YEAST","enzyme":false,"transporter":true,"gene_name":"TPO4","num_residues":659,"molecular_weight":"73222.20313","theoretical_pi":"8.39","general_function":"Involved in transmembrane transport","specific_function":"Cell membrane polyamine/proton antiporter, involved in the detoxification of excess polyamines in the cytoplasm. Recognizes spermidine, spermine and the antimalarial drug quinidine, but not quinine, chloroquine and mefloquine","reactions":[],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"100-120;129-149;158-178;188-208;216-236;247-267;317-337;356-376;424-444;457-477;487-509;519-539","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":"Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein","genbank_gene_id":"X89633","genbank_protein_id":"1279700","gene_card_id":"TPO4","chromosome_location":"chromosome 15","locus":"YOR273C","synonyms":[],"enzyme_classes":[],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" membrane"},{"category":"Component","description":" cell part"},{"category":"Function","description":" transporter activity"},{"category":"Process","description":" transmembrane transport"},{"category":"Process","description":" establishment of localization"},{"category":"Process","description":" transport"}],"pfams":[{"name":"MFS_1","identifier":"PF07690"}],"pathways":[],"gene_sequence":"ATGCCTTCTTCTTTGACAAAAACCGAATCTAACTCAGATCCTCGAACAAACATACAGCAGGTACCAAAAGCCTTGGACAAAAATGTAACTAATAGCGGCAACTTGGATTCGACTTCTTCTTCGACAGGGTCAATAACAGAGGACGAAAAAAGATCAGAACCGAATGCAGATTCCAATAACATGACAGGGGGCGAGCCAATTGACCCAAGAGATCTCGATTGGGACGGGCCCGATGACCCAGACAATCCGCATAATTGGTCCTCTTTGAAGAAATGGTATACTACTATGACTTCAGCTTTTCTTTGTTTGGTCGTCACAATGGGTAGTTCCCTATATGTTTCTTCCGTACCAGAATTGGTAGAAAGATATCACGTTAGTCAGACTTTGGCGCTTGCTGGTTTAACTTTCTATCTTCTGGGTTTATCGACTGTCATCGGCGCTCCATTAAGTGAAGTGTTTGGTCGTAAGCCTGTCTATTTATTTTCCCTACCTGTGTCAATGCTTTTCACCATGGGTGTTGGGTTATCCAATGGCCACATGAGAATAATTCTACCCCTAAGGTTTTTATCAGGTGTCTTTGCATCCCCCGCCTTATCCGTTGGATCAGGTACCATCCTGGATATCTTTGACGTGGACCAGGTCTCCGTCGCAATGACATACTTTGTTCTATCTCCATTCTTAGGGCCAGTTTTATCTCCTATTATGGCAGGATTTGCTACTGAAGCCAAAGGCTGGCGTTGGTCTGAATGGATCCAATTGATTGCGGGCGGTCTAATCTTGCCATTTATTGCGCTCATGCCAGAGACCCATAAAGGTATTATTTTAAGAAAGCGTGCCAAGAAGAGAAATATAGCCTTGAAGAAGTTCAGCAGGGAAGCTCAGAAAGAATTTTTAAAAACCACTGTCACTATTACAATCTTAAGGCCTTTAAAAATGCTTGTCGTTGAACCTATTGTATTTGTTTTCAGTGTTTATGTCGCTTTCATATTCGCCATTTTATTTGGATTTTTCGAAGCATACGCTGTCATTTATCGTGGTGTTTACCACATGTCTATGGGGATATCTGGCTTGCCATTTATTGGTATTGGTGTCGGGTTATGGATAGGTGCTTTCTTTTACCTTTACATCGACAGAAAATATCTCTTCCCTAAACCACCAGCTGGCACTCAACCACTCACCGAAAAAGAGAGAACTTCTAAAAGGACTACCCCTTACAGAGGTGCAAGAGACGCTGAAACAGGTGAATTGCTACCCGTTGTTCCAGAAAAATTTTTAATTGCCTGTAAATTTGGTTCTGTAGCTTTGCCTATCGGCCTGTTTTGGCAAGCCTGGACTGCTAGATCAGATGTCCACTGGATGGCTCCTGTGGCTGCCGGTGTGCCATTTGGTTTTGGTTTAATTTTGATTTTTTTCAGCGTTTTAATGTACTTCTCTACATGCTATCCGCCATTAACTGTGGCATCCTGTTTGGCTGCCAATAATCTATTAAGATACGTTATGAGTAGTGTATTCCCATTGTTTACCATCCAAATGTACACAAAGATGAAAATCAAATGGGCAAGCACTTTATTTGCATTAGTTTGCGTTGTGATGATTCCAATTCCATGGGTTTTTGAAAAATGGGGGAGCAAATTAAGACACAAGTCACAATTTGGTTATGCCGCCATGGAAAAGGAGGCTGAGACCGAAGGTGGTATAGATGACGTAAATGCTGTCGATGGTGAATTGAATCTAACAAGGATGACCACGTTAAGGACCATGGAAACAGACCCTTCGACTAGAGAAAAACCAGGTGAAAGGCTATCTCTGCGCAGGACCCATACGCAGCCCGTTCCTGCCTCGTTTGATCGCGAGGACGGGCAACATGCGCAAAATCGTAATGAACCCATTTCCAATAGTTTATACTCAGCTATCAAGGATAATGAAGACGGTTATTCGTATACGGAAATGGCCACCGATGCTTCCGCCAGAATGGTTTGA","protein_sequence":"MPSSLTKTESNSDPRTNIQQVPKALDKNVTNSGNLDSTSSSTGSITEDEKRSEPNADSNNMTGGEPIDPRDLDWDGPDDPDNPHNWSSLKKWYTTMTSAFLCLVVTMGSSLYVSSVPELVERYHVSQTLALAGLTFYLLGLSTVIGAPLSEVFGRKPVYLFSLPVSMLFTMGVGLSNGHMRIILPLRFLSGVFASPALSVGSGTILDIFDVDQVSVAMTYFVLSPFLGPVLSPIMAGFATEAKGWRWSEWIQLIAGGLILPFIALMPETHKGIILRKRAKKRNIALKKFSREAQKEFLKTTVTITILRPLKMLVVEPIVFVFSVYVAFIFAILFGFFEAYAVIYRGVYHMSMGISGLPFIGIGVGLWIGAFFYLYIDRKYLFPKPPAGTQPLTEKERTSKRTTPYRGARDAETGELLPVVPEKFLIACKFGSVALPIGLFWQAWTARSDVHWMAPVAAGVPFGFGLILIFFSVLMYFSTCYPPLTVASCLAANNLLRYVMSSVFPLFTIQMYTKMKIKWASTLFALVCVVMIPIPWVFEKWGSKLRHKSQFGYAAMEKEAETEGGIDDVNAVDGELNLTRMTTLRTMETDPSTREKPGERLSLRRTHTQPVPASFDREDGQHAQNRNEPISNSLYSAIKDNEDGYSYTEMATDASARMV"},{"created_at":"2011-05-27T02:20:44.000Z","updated_at":"2011-06-05T02:38:41.000Z","name":"Polyamine transporter TPO5","uniprot_id":"P36029","uniprot_name":"TPO5_YEAST","enzyme":false,"transporter":true,"gene_name":"TPO5","num_residues":618,"molecular_weight":"69242.0","theoretical_pi":"5.02","general_function":"Involved in transport","specific_function":"Required for polyamine transport. Transports putrescine effectively and spermidine less effectively","reactions":[],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"61-84;91-110;132-148;155-171;180-200;212-231;298-317;343-367;403-419;426-449;465-486;499-516","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":"Golgi apparatus membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein","genbank_gene_id":"Z26878","genbank_protein_id":"407507","gene_card_id":"TPO5","chromosome_location":"chromosome 11","locus":"YKL174C","synonyms":[],"enzyme_classes":[],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" membrane"},{"category":"Component","description":" membrane part"},{"category":"Component","description":" intrinsic to membrane"},{"category":"Component","description":" integral to membrane"},{"category":"Component","description":" cell part"},{"category":"Function","description":" transporter activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" transmembrane transporter activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" active transmembrane transporter activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" amine transmembrane transporter activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" amino acid transmembrane transporter activity"},{"category":"Process","description":" amine transport"},{"category":"Process","description":" amino acid transport"},{"category":"Process","description":" transmembrane transport"},{"category":"Process","description":" establishment of localization"},{"category":"Process","description":" transport"}],"pfams":[{"name":"AA_permease","identifier":"PF00324"}],"pathways":[],"gene_sequence":"ATGCCAGAGTATACGCTACTGGCTGATAATATAAGGGAGAATATCGTTCATTTCGATCCGAATGGTTTGTTTGATAACTTGCACACCATTGTTCATGAAGATGACAGTCAAGAGAACGAGGAGGCCGAGCATTTCAATTATGATCAGGTGTTGGATAAATCGTTATTGTCAAGAGGTTCTATTGTCGGTCTCGGTTTAGGACTAATGAGTCCCGTTTTAGGAATGTGCACTAGTATGGCCATTGGGCTAATTAATGGTGGTCCGTTAACTATAATGCTAGGTTTTTTAATCAGTGGAGTGTGTATATGGTTTTCGTCGCTTTCTCTTGGTGAGATTGTTTCAAAATTTCCGATGGAACTGCATGTTGGGAGTGCCATGTTGGCCCCGGAGAAATTGAAATTAGTATGTTCGTGGTACACTGGCTGGTTAATGCTCATAGGGAATTGGACTATGAGTACCAGTATTACTTTTGCAGGCGCTCAACTTACCATTTCTTTGATTCTGATGACGAACTCCAACCTAATATCCGAGGCACACTTGATTTTTTACACAGTCATTGTATTTTACTTAGTTGTGACTGTTGTAGGCCTCGTGAATTTGAAATTTGCAAGATTTATTGAAACAATAAACAAAGTCTGTGTTTATTGGATCATATATGCCATTATATTTATTGATATTCTTCTACTAGTATTCCACAAAGGTAAATTTCGATCTTTGAAGTACGCGCTATTTCACTTTGATAATAATCTATCAGGGTATAAAAGCGCATTTCTTTCCTTCATCATTGGATTCCAACAGTCTAATTTCACGTTACAAGGTTTCAGTATGTTACCTGCTTTAGCTGACGAAGTCAAAGTTCCTGAGAAGGATATTCCACGTGGTATGTCGAATGCGGTATTGTTATCCGCGTTCTCTGGAGTCATTTTTCTTATACCAATAATGTTAATCCTGCCAGATAATGATTTGCTTTTTACCAATCATAAGGTTCTACCAATAGTGAACATTTTTACAAAATCGACTGATTCGGTGGTCTTGTCTTTTTTTTTAGTGCTCCTAATTTTAGGAAACTTACTGTTTTCCGGAATTGGCTCGATTACTACATCTTCTCGTGCGGTATATAGTTTTAGTCGTGACCAGGCTATACCATACTACGATAAATGGACCTACGTCGAACCGGATTCTCAGTCAAAAGTCCCCAAGAATTCTGTTGTATTGAGTATGATAATATCATACTTTTTAGGTCTGCTAGCTTTGATTTCAACGGCCGCATTTAATGCTTTTATAGGCGCTGCAGTGCTCTGTCTTTGTTCTGCGACTTTCATTCCGTTAGTCTTGGTGCTGTTTACGAGAAGAAGAGCTATCCGAAGCGCGCCAGTAAAAATCAGGTATAAGTTTGGTTGGTTCATCAACATTGTTTCTATTGTGTGGCTCTTGTTATCTATGGTTTCTGTTTGCCTACCAACGCAAGTGCCTGTAACTTTCAAAACAATGAATTATGCTTTAATGGTGTACGTATTCTGCATTTTAGTTATCACTGGTCTTTATTTCAAATGGGGGAAGTATAATTTTAGATTACCCTTGGCAGATGACATCAAGGCTCCAATTCCCAGTGATGCGGAAGAAACTGTTTTTGAACTAGAGGATAGCAATGTTGAACATACTCTAAACTCGGGAACCACAGTGAAAGAGTCTGTAGAAAATAATTCTGAAGAAGGTTTCATCAAGGTGCATCCTAAAAGTAGTACAGAAAATCCCTTTGAGGAAAATGAGGAAAACGTGATAACCGATTATGGTGATGAGCACCATACAGCAGAACAAGAATTTGATCTTGCCGATGATCGTAGATATGATATATGA","protein_sequence":"MPEYTLLADNIRENIVHFDPNGLFDNLHTIVHEDDSQENEEAEHFNYDQVLDKSLLSRGSIVGLGLGLMSPVLGMCTSMAIGLINGGPLTIMLGFLISGVCIWFSSLSLGEIVSKFPMELHVGSAMLAPEKLKLVCSWYTGWLMLIGNWTMSTSITFAGAQLTISLILMTNSNLISEAHLIFYTVIVFYLVVTVVGLVNLKFARFIETINKVCVYWIIYAIIFIDILLLVFHKGKFRSLKYALFHFDNNLSGYKSAFLSFIIGFQQSNFTLQGFSMLPALADEVKVPEKDIPRGMSNAVLLSAFSGVIFLIPIMLILPDNDLLFTNHKVLPIVNIFTKSTDSVVLSFFLVLLILGNLLFSGIGSITTSSRAVYSFSRDQAIPYYDKWTYVEPDSQSKVPKNSVVLSMIISYFLGLLALISTAAFNAFIGAAVLCLCSATFIPLVLVLFTRRRAIRSAPVKIRYKFGWFINIVSIVWLLLSMVSVCLPTQVPVTFKTMNYALMVYVFCILVITGLYFKWGKYNFRLPLADDIKAPIPSDAEETVFELEDSNVEHTLNSGTTVKESVENNSEEGFIKVHPKSSTENPFEENEENVITDYGDEHHTAEQEFDLADDRRYDI"},{"created_at":"2011-05-27T02:21:37.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-27T15:01:17.000Z","name":"Polyamine transporter 1","uniprot_id":"Q07824","uniprot_name":"TPO1_YEAST","enzyme":false,"transporter":true,"gene_name":"TPO1","num_residues":586,"molecular_weight":"64271.60156","theoretical_pi":"6.88","general_function":"Involved in transmembrane transport","specific_function":"Cell membrane polyamine/proton antiporter, involved in the detoxification of excess polyamines in the cytoplasm. Catalyzes polyamine uptake at alkaline pH and excretion at acidic pH. Recognizes spermidine, spermine and putrescine, the polyamine analogs methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG) and paraquat, the antimalarial drug quinidine, and cycloheximide. Confers resistance to the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin","reactions":[],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"146-166;182-202;213-233;243-263;272-292;302-322;377-397;415-435;455-475;484-504;506-526;529-549;550-570","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":"Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.","genbank_gene_id":"Z73133","genbank_protein_id":"1360210","gene_card_id":"TPO1","chromosome_location":"chromosome 12","locus":"YLL028W","synonyms":[],"enzyme_classes":[],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" membrane part"},{"category":"Component","description":" intrinsic to membrane"},{"category":"Component","description":" integral to membrane"},{"category":"Component","description":" cell part"},{"category":"Function","description":" transporter activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" transmembrane transporter activity"},{"category":"Function","description":" drug transmembrane transporter activity"},{"category":"Process","description":" transmembrane transport"},{"category":"Process","description":" establishment of localization"},{"category":"Process","description":" transport"},{"category":"Process","description":" drug transport"}],"pfams":[{"name":"MFS_1","identifier":"PF07690"}],"pathways":[],"gene_sequence":"ATGTCGGATCATTCTCCCATTTCTAATAAGGAAAATCATCTGCTGCCATCAGACTCGTCAAGAAGCTCATCCAGCGATATGCATTCGACGGGCACCACGGGAACCACAGGCGTCGAACCTGTAGATTTCACCGGTGAAGGTGCCAAATACACAACTGCTACGGAGGGCAATGGTGGTGCAGATTTAGCGATTCAAAGAACGACGACTATGAATTCTGCTGCAGAATCAGAGGTTAATATCACGAGAAGATTAACTAAAATCCTTACTGGGTCTGTTAACGAGCCTGACCGTGTAGAGGTTGATTATACCAATTGTGCGCCCATGGGTGGTGACAGACCTTACCCTCCATCGTTGCCGAGCAGAGACCTGTACGAGGTTACTTTTGATGGTCCTAACGACCCACTACATCCATTTAACTGGCCCATGAAGAAGAAAGTGCTGCTATGTCTGGTCTTATGTCTGGATTCTATTGCCATTGCTATGTGTTCTTCCATTTTTGCCTCTGCAGTGCCGCAAATCTGCGAGATATACCACGTCATCGAAGTTGTCGCCATTTTGGGTATCACGCTTTTTGTTCTTGGGTTTGCGGCCTCACCGGTTATCTATGCTCCTCTTTCTGAATTGTACGGTAGAAAGGGTGTTCTGGTTTTATCTGCGTTTGGATTTGCCCTTTTCCAATTTGCTGTCGCTACTGCTGAGAACCTGCAAACTATTTTCATATGTAGATTCTTTGGTGGTTTTATCGGGGCAGCACCCATGGCCGTCGTCCCCGCCGCGTTTGCCGACATGTTTGATACTAATGTTAGAGGTAAAGCCATTGCGCTATTTTCTCTAGGTGTTTTTGTAGGCCCCATTTTATCGCCTGTCATGGGTTCTTATATCGCACAAAGAACTACCTGGAGATGGTTAGAATATGTTGTCGGTTGTTTCGCTTCCGCAGTTTTCGTTGCCATCGTATTGTTCTTTGAAGAAACACATCACCCTACCATTTTGGTTAACAAGGCCAAACAGATGAGAAAGCAAAGTAATAACTGGGGTATTCATGCTGCTCATGAAGACGTGGAGCTATCCATCAAAGACATTGTCCAAAAAACTGTGACGAGGCCTATCATTATGCTTTTCGTGGAACCATTGCTACTATTCGTGACTATTTACAACTCTTTTGTCTACGGTATCTTGTATTTGTTACTGGAAGCCTACCCACTTGTCTTTGTGGAGGGTTATGGGTTTACTGAAAACGGTGAGTTGCCATACATCGCCTTGATTATCGGTATGATGGTGTGTGCTGCTTTCATTTGGTATATGGACAACGATTATTTGAAAAGATGTAGAGCCAAGGGGAAATTAGTGCCCGAGGCCAGATTGTACGCAATGGTCATTGCAGGTACCGTTTTCCCTATTGGTATCTTATGGTTCTGTTGGACGGGCTACTATCCTCACAAGATTCATTGGATGGTCCCCACAGTAGGAGGGGCCTTCATCGGGTTCGGTTTAATGGGTATTTTCTTGCCATGTTTAAACTATATCATTGAATCGTATCTATTGTTGGCAGCTTCTGCCGTCGCAGCAAACACTTTCATGAGGTCTGCATTTGGTGCATGCTTCCCATTGTTTGCAGGATATATGTTCCGTGGCATGGGTATCGGTTGGGCTGGTTTGTTATTAGGTCTATTTGCCGCTGCGATGATTCCCGTGCCTTTACTATTCTTAAAATATGGTGAATCTATCAGAAAGAAATCCAAGTATGCTTACGCCGCTTAA","protein_sequence":"MSDHSPISNKENHLLPSDSSRSSSSDMHSTGTTGTTGVEPVDFTGEGAKYTTATEGNGGADLAIQRTTTMNSAAESEVNITRRLTKILTGSVNEPDRVEVDYTNCAPMGGDRPYPPSLPSRDLYEVTFDGPNDPLHPFNWPMKKKVLLCLVLCLDSIAIAMCSSIFASAVPQICEIYHVIEVVAILGITLFVLGFAASPVIYAPLSELYGRKGVLVLSAFGFALFQFAVATAENLQTIFICRFFGGFIGAAPMAVVPAAFADMFDTNVRGKAIALFSLGVFVGPILSPVMGSYIAQRTTWRWLEYVVGCFASAVFVAIVLFFEETHHPTILVNKAKQMRKQSNNWGIHAAHEDVELSIKDIVQKTVTRPIIMLFVEPLLLFVTIYNSFVYGILYLLLEAYPLVFVEGYGFTENGELPYIALIIGMMVCAAFIWYMDNDYLKRCRAKGKLVPEARLYAMVIAGTVFPIGILWFCWTGYYPHKIHWMVPTVGGAFIGFGLMGIFLPCLNYIIESYLLLAASAVAANTFMRSAFGACFPLFAGYMFRGMGIGWAGLLLGLFAAAMIPVPLLFLKYGESIRKKSKYAYAA"},{"created_at":"2011-05-27T02:22:08.000Z","updated_at":"2011-05-27T15:01:17.000Z","name":"Ornithine decarboxylase","uniprot_id":"P08432","uniprot_name":"DCOR_YEAST","enzyme":true,"transporter":false,"gene_name":"SPE1","num_residues":466,"molecular_weight":"52284.80078","theoretical_pi":"5.22","general_function":"Involved in catalytic activity","specific_function":"L-ornithine = putrescine + CO(2)","reactions":[{"id":1805,"direction":"\u003e","locations":"cytoplasm","altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":2672,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":"L-ornithine = putrescine + CO(2).","export":false,"pw_reaction_id":null,"source":null},{"id":3758,"direction":"\u003e","locations":null,"altext":null,"export":true,"pw_reaction_id":"PW_R006282","source":"Smpdb"}],"signal_regions":"None","transmembrane_regions":"None","pdb_id":null,"cellular_location":null,"genbank_gene_id":"J02777","genbank_protein_id":"172070","gene_card_id":"SPE1","chromosome_location":"chromosome 11","locus":"YKL184W","synonyms":["ODC"],"enzyme_classes":["4.1.1.17"],"go_classes":[{"category":"Component","description":" Not Available"},{"category":"Function","description":" catalytic activity"},{"category":"Process","description":" metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular amino acid derivative metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular biogenic amine metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" polyamine metabolic process"},{"category":"Process","description":" polyamine biosynthetic process"}],"pfams":[{"name":"Orn_Arg_deC_N","identifier":"PF02784"},{"name":"Orn_DAP_Arg_deC","identifier":"PF00278"}],"pathways":[{"name":"Arginine and proline metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00330"},{"name":"Glutathione metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00480"},{"name":"beta-Alanine metabolism","kegg_map_id":"00410"}],"gene_sequence":"ATGTCTAGTACTCAAGTAGGAAATGCTCTATCTAGTTCCACTACTACTTTAGTGGACTTGTCTAATTCTACGGTTACCCAAAAGAAGCAATATTATAAAGATGGCGAGACGCTGCACAATCTTTTGCTTGAACTAAAGAATAACCAAGATTTGGAACTTTTACCGCATGAACAAGCGCATCCTAAAATATTTCAAGCGCTCAAGGCTCGTATTGGTAGAATTAATAATGAAACGTGCGACCCCGGTGAGGAGAACTCGTTTTTCATATGCGATTTGGGAGAAGTCAAGAGATTATTCAACAACTGGGTGAAGGAGCTTCCTAGAATTAAGCCATTTTATGCCGTCAAATGTAATCCTGATACCAAGGTTTTGTCATTATTAGCAGAGTTGGGCGTTAATTTCGATTGCGCTTCCAAAGTGGAAATTGACAGAGTATTATCGATGAACATCTCGCCGGATAGAATTGTTTACGCTAATCCTTGTAAAGTAGCATCTTTCATTAGATATGCAGCTTCAAAAAATGTAATGAAGTCTACTTTTGACAATGTAGAAGAATTGCATAAAATCAAAAAGTTTCATCCTGAGTCTCAGTTGTTATTAAGAATCGCTACCGATGACTCTACCGCTCAATGTCGACTTTCCACCAAATATGGCTGTGAAATGGAAAACGTAGACGTTTTATTAAAGGCTATAAAGGAACTAGGTTTAAACCTGGCTGGTGTTTCTTTCCACGTCGGTTCAGGCGCTTCTGATTTTACAAGCTTATACAAAGCCGTTAGAGATGCAAGAACGGTATTTGACAAAGCTGCTAACGAATACGGGTTGCCCCCTTTGAAGATTTTGGATGTAGGTGGTGGATTTCAATTTGAATCCTTCAAAGAATCAACTGCTGTTTTGCGTCTAGCGCTAGAGGAATTTTTCCCTGTAGGTTGTGGTGTTGATATAATTGCAGAGCCTGGCAGATACTTTGTAGCTACAGCGTTCACTTTGGCATCTCATGTGATTGCGAAGAGAAAACTGTCTGAGAATGAAGCAATGATTTACACTAACGATGGTGTATACGGGAACATGAATTGTATTTTATTCGATCATCAAGAGCCCCATCCAAGAACCCTTTATCATAATTTGGAATTTCATTACGACGATTTTGAATCCACTACTGCGGTCCTCGACTCTATCAACAAAACAAGATCTGAGTATCCATATAAAGTTTCCATCTGGGGACCCACATGTGATGGTTTGGATTGTATTGCCAAAGAGTATTACATGAAGCATGATGTTATAGTCGGTGATTGGTTTTATTTTCCTGCCCTGGGTGCCTACACATCATCGGCGGCTACTCAATTCAACGGCTTTGAGCAGACTGCGGATATAGTATACATAGACTCTGAACTCGATTGA","protein_sequence":"MSSTQVGNALSSSTTTLVDLSNSTVTQKKQYYKDGETLHNLLLELKNNQDLELLPHEQAHPKIFQALKARIGRINNETCDPGEENSFFICDLGEVKRLFNNWVKELPRIKPFYAVKCNPDTKVLSLLAELGVNFDCASKVEIDRVLSMNISPDRIVYANPCKVASFIRYAASKNVMKSTFDNVEELHKIKKFHPESQLLLRIATDDSTAQCRLSTKYGCEMENVDVLLKAIKELGLNLAGVSFHVGSGASDFTSLYKAVRDARTVFDKAANEYGLPPLKILDVGGGFQFESFKESTAVLRLALEEFFPVGCGVDIIAEPGRYFVATAFTLASHVIAKRKLSENEAMIYTNDGVYGNMNCILFDHQEPHPRTLYHNLEFHYDDFESTTAVLDSINKTRSEYPYKVSIWGPTCDGLDCIAKEYYMKHDVIVGDWFYFPALGAYTSSAATQFNGFEQTADIVYIDSELD"}]}