Serine/threonine-protein kinase TOR2 (P32600)

Identification
NameSerine/threonine-protein kinase TOR2
Synonyms
  • Dominant rapamycin resistance protein 2
  • Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase TOR2
  • PI4-kinase TOR2
  • PI4K TOR2
  • PtdIns-4-kinase TOR2
  • Target of rapamycin kinase 2
  • Temperature-sensitive CSG2 suppressor protein 14
Gene NameTOR2
Enzyme Class
Biological Properties
General FunctionInvolved in 1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase activity
Specific FunctionPhosphatidylinositol 3-kinase homolog, component of both TORC1 and TORC2. TORC1 regulates multiple cellular processes to control cell growth in response to environmental signals. Nutrient limitation and environmental stress signals cause inactivation of TORC1. Active TORC1 positively controls ribosome biogenesis via control of rRNA, ribosomal protein and tRNA gene expression, and rRNA processing. TORC1 positively controls protein biosynthesis by regulation of mRNA stability, translation initiation factor activity, and high-affinity amino acid permeases that serve to provide amino acids for use by the translation machinery. TORC1 also promotes growth by sequestering a number of nutrient and general stress-responsive transcription factors in the cytoplasm. TORC1 negatively controls macroautophagy, a process to recycle surplus cytoplasmic mass under nutrient starvation conditions. TORC1 controls many of these processes via TIP41-TAP42-mediated inhibition of the type 2A-related phosphatases PP2A and SIT4. TORC2 regulates cell cycle-dependent polarization of the actin- cytoskeleton, cell wall integrity, and receptor endocytosis. TORC2 controls polarity of the actin cytoskeleton, which is required for orienting the secretory pathway toward discrete growth sites, via the RHO1/PKC1/MAPK cell integrity pathway by activating the RHO1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor ROM2. TORC2 phosphorylates the AGC kinase YPK2, an upstream effector of the cell integrity pathway. TORC2 negatively regulates calcineurin-dependent stress signaling via phosphorylation of its effector SLM1-SLM2
Cellular LocationCell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Vacuole membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side.
SMPDB Pathways
TOR signalling pathway: Rapamycin based repressionPW002514 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
KEGG PathwaysNot Available
SMPDB Reactions
Type 2A phosphatase activator TIP41 + phosphate → Phosphorylated TIP41
KEGG ReactionsNot Available
Metabolites
YMDB IDNameView
YMDB00907phosphateShow
GO Classification
Function
binding
phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor
catalytic activity
transferase activity
transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups
Gene Properties
Chromosome LocationNot Available
Locus
Gene Sequence>7425 bp ATGAATAAATACATTAACAAATACACCACGCCACCTAACTTATTGTCTTTACGACAAAGG GCCGAAGGCAAACACAGAACAAGAAAGAAACTTACACACAAATCGCACTCCCACGATGAT GAGATGTCAACTACTTCAAACACAGATTCCAATCACAATGGGCCCAATGACTCTGGTAGA GTGATCACTGGTTCTGCTGGTCATATTGGTAAAATATCCTTTGTAGATTCAGAACTAGAT ACAACATTTTCTACTTTAAATTTGATTTTTGATAAACTTAAAAGCGATGTGCCACAAGAA CGAGCCTCTGGCGCTAATGAATTAAGCACTACTTTGACCTCATTAGCAAGGGAAGTATCT GCTGAGCAATTTCAAAGGTTTAGCAACAGTTTAAACAATAAGATATTTGAACTTATTCAC GGGTTTACTTCAAGTGAGAAGATAGGTGGTATTCTTGCTGTTGATACTCTGATCTCATTC TACCTGAGTACAGAGGAGCTGCCAAACCAAACTTCAAGACTGGCGAACTATTTACGTGTT TTAATTCCATCCAGTGACATTGAAGTTATGAGATTAGCGGCTAACACCTTAGGTAGATTG ACCGTGCCAGGTGGTACATTAACATCAGATTTCGTCGAATTTGAGGTCAGAACTTGCATT GATTGGCTTACTCTGACAGCAGATAATAACTCATCGAGCTCTAAGTTGGAATACAGGAGA CATGCTGCGCTATTAATCATAAAGGCATTAGCAGACAATTCACCCTATCTTTTATACCCT TACGTTAACTCTATCTTAGACAATATTTGGGTGCCATTAAGGGATGCAAAGTTAATTATA CGATTAGATGCCGCAGTGGCATTGGGTAAATGTCTTACTATTATTCAGGATAGAGACCCT GCTTTGGGAAAACAGTGGTTTCAAAGATTATTTCAAGGTTGTACACATGGCTTAAGTCTC AATACGAATGATTCAGTGCATGCTACTCTGTTGGTATTTCGAGAATTACTCAGCTTGAAA GCACCTTATCTCAGGGATAAATATGATGATATTTACAAATCTACTATGAAGTACAAGGAA TATAAATTTGATGTTATAAGGAGAGAAGTTTATGCTATTTTACCTCTTTTAGCTGCTTTT GACCCTGCCATTTTCACAAAGAAATATCTCGATAGGATAATGGTTCATTATTTAAGATAT TTGAAGAACATCGATATGAATGCTGCAAATAATTCGGATAAACCTTTTATATTAGTTTCT ATAGGTGATATTGCATTTGAAGTTGGTTCGAGCATTTCACCCTATATGACACTTATTCTG GATAATATTAGGGAAGGCTTAAGAACGAAATTCAAAGTTAGAAAACAATTCGAGAAGGAT TTATTTTATTGCATTGGTAAATTAGCTTGTGCTTTGGGCCCAGCTTTTGCTAAGCACTTG AACAAAGATCTTCTTAATTTGATGTTAAACTGTCCAATGTCCGACCATATGCAGGAGACT TTAATGATCCTTAACGAGAAAATACCCTCTTTGGAATCTACCGTTAATTCGAGGATACTA AATTTACTGTCGATATCCTTATCTGGTGAAAAATTTATTCAATCAAACCAATACGATTTT AATAATCAATTTTCCATTGAAAAGGCTCGTAAATCAAGAAACCAAAGTTTCATGAAAAAA ACTGGTGAATCTAATGACGATATTACAGATGCCCAAATTTTGATTCAGTGTTTTAAAATG CTGCAACTAATTCATCATCAATATTCCTTGACGGAGTTTGTTAGGCTTATAACCATTTCT TACATTGAGCATGAGGATTCGTCTGTCAGAAAATTGGCAGCATTAACGTCGTGTGATTTA TTTATCAAAGACGATATATGTAAACAAACATCAGTTCATGCTTTACACTCGGTTTCTGAA GTGCTAAGTAAGCTATTAATGATCGCAATAACTGATCCGGTTGCAGAAATTAGATTGGAA ATTCTTCAGCATTTGGGGTCAAATTTTGATCCTCAATTGGCCCAACCAGACAATTTACGC CTACTTTTCATGGCGCTGAACGATGAGATTTTTGGTATTCAATTGGAAGCTATCAAAATA ATAGGCAGATTGAGTTCTGTCAACCCCGCTTATGTAGTTCCTTCTTTGAGGAAAACTTTA CTGGAACTATTAACGCAATTGAAGTTCTCAAATATGCCAAAAAAAAAGGAGGAAAGTGCA ACTCTATTATGTACGCTGATAAATTCCAGCGATGAAGTAGCGAAACCTTATATTGATCCT ATTCTAGACGTCATTCTTCCTAAATGCCAGGATGCTTCATCTGCCGTAGCATCCACCGCT TTAAAGGTTTTGGGTGAACTATCTGTTGTTGGAGGAAAAGAAATGACGCGTTACTTAAAG GAATTGATGCCATTGATCATTAACACATTTCAGGACCAATCAAACTCTTTTAAAAGAGAT GCCGCCTTAACAACATTAGGACAGCTGGCTGCTTCCTCTGGTTATGTTGTTGGCCCTTTA CTAGACTACCCAGAGTTACTTGGCATTTTGATAAATATTCTTAAGACTGAAAACAACCCT CATATCAGGCGTGGAACTGTTCGTTTGATTGGTATATTAGGCGCTCTTGATCCATATAAG CACAGAGAAATAGAAGTCACATCAAACTCAAAGAGTTCAGTAGAGCAAAATGCTCCTTCA ATCGACATCGCATTGCTAATGCAAGGGGTATCTCCATCCAACGATGAATATTACCCCACT GTAGTTATCCACAATCTGATGAAGATATTGAATGATCCATCGTTGTCAATCCATCACACG GCTGCTATTCAAGCTATTATGCATATTTTTCAAAACCTTGGTTTACGATGTGTCTCCTTT TTGGATCAAATTATTCCAGGTATCATTTTAGTCATGCGTTCATGCCCGCCGTCCCAACTT GACTTTTATTTTCAGCAACTGGGATCTCTCATCTCAATTGTCAAGCAACATATTAGGCCC CATGTCGAGAAAATTTATGGTGTGATCAGGGAGTTTTTCCCGATCATTAAACTACAAATC ACAATTATTTCTGTCATAGAATCGATATCTAAGGCTCTGGAAGGTGAGTTTAAAAGATTT GTTCCCGAGACTCTAACCTTTTTCCTTGATATTCTTGAGAACGACCAGTCTAATAAAAGG ATCGTTCCGATTCGTATATTAAAATCTTTGGTTACTTTTGGGCCGAATCTAGAAGACTAT TCCCATTTGATTATGCCTATCGTTGTTAGAATGACTGAGTATTCTGCTGGAAGTCTAAAG AAAATCTCCATTATAACTTTGGGTAGATTAGCAAAGAATATCAACCTCTCTGAAATGTCA TCAAGAATTGTTCAGGCGTTGGTAAGAATTTTGAATAATGGGGATAGAGAACTAACAAAA GCAACCATGAATACGCTAAGTTTGCTCCTTTTACAACTAGGTACCGACTTTGTGGTCTTT GTGCCAGTGATTAACAAGGCGTTATTGAGGAATAGGATTCAGCATTCAGTGTACGATCAA CTGGTTAATAAATTACTGAACAATGAATGCTTGCCAACAAATATCATATTTGACAAGGAG AACGAAGTACCTGAAAGGAAAAATTATGAAGACGAAATGCAAGTAACGAAATTACCGGTA AACCAAAATATCCTAAAGAATGCATGGTATTGTTCTCAACAGAAGACCAAAGAAGATTGG CAAGAATGGATAAGAAGGCTATCTATTCAGCTTCTAAAGGAATCACCTTCAGCTTGTCTA CGATCCTGTTCGAGTTTAGTCAGCGTTTATTATCCGTTGGCGAGAGAATTGTTTAATGCT TCATTCTCAAGTTGCTGGGTTGAGCTTCAAACGTCATACCAAGAGGATTTGATTCAAGCA TTATGCAAGGCTTTATCATCCTCTGAAAACCCACCCGAGATTTATCAAATGTTGTTAAAT TTAGTGGAATTTATGGAGCACGATGACAAACCATTGCCTATCCCAATCCATACATTAGGT AAGTATGCCCAAAAATGTCATGCTTTTGCGAAGGCACTACATTACAAAGAGGTAGAATTC TTAGAAGAGCCGAAAAATTCAACAATCGAGGCATTGATTAGCATTAATAATCAACTTCAC CAAACTGATTCTGCTATTGGTATTTTGAAGCATGCGCAACAACACAATGAATTGCAGCTG AAGGAAACTTGGTATGAAAAACTTCAACGTTGGGAGGATGCTCTTGCAGCATATAATGAG AAGGAGGCAGCAGGAGAAGATTCGGTTGAAGTGATGATGGGAAAATTAAGATCGTTATAT GCCCTTGGAGAGTGGGAAGAGCTTTCTAAATTGGCATCTGAAAAGTGGGGCACGGCAAAA CCCGAAGTGAAGAAGGCAATGGCGCCTTTGGCTGCCGGCGCTGCCTGGGGTTTGGAGCAA TGGGATGAAATAGCCCAGTATACTAGCGTCATGAAATCGCAGTCTCCAGATAAAGAATTC TATGATGCAATTTTATGTTTGCATAGGAATAATTTTAAGAAGGCGGAAGTTCACATCTTT AATGCAAGGGATCTTCTAGTTACTGAATTGTCAGCTCTTGTTAATGAAAGCTACAATAGA GCATATAATGTTGTTGTTAGAGCGCAGATTATAGCAGAGTTGGAGGAAATCATCAAATAT AAGAAGTTGCCACAAAATTCAGATAAACGTCTAACTATGAGAGAAACTTGGAATACCAGA TTACTGGGCTGTCAAAAAAATATTGATGTGTGGCAAAGAATTCTGCGTGTCAGATCATTG GTGATAAAGCCAAAGGAGGATGCTCAAGTGAGGATTAAGTTTGCCAACTTATGCAGAAAA TCGGGTAGGATGGCGCTAGCTAAAAAAGTCTTAAATACATTGCTTGAAGAAACAGATGAC CCAGATCATCCTAATACTGCTAAGGCATCCCCTCCAGTTGTTTATGCACAACTGAAGTAC TTGTGGGCTACGGGGTTGCAAGATGAGGCTTTGAAGCAATTAATTAATTTCACATCTAGA ATGGCTCATGATTTAGGTTTGGATCCAAATAATATGATAGCTCAAAGCGTTCCTCAACAA AGCAAAAGAGTCCCTCGTCACGTTGAAGATTATACTAAGCTTTTAGCTCGTTGTTTCTTG AAGCAAGGAGAATGGAGAGTTTGCTTACAGCCTAAATGGAGATTGAGCAATCCAGATTCG ATCCTAGGCTCCTATTTGCTCGCTACACATTTTGACAACACATGGTACAAAGCGTGGCAT AACTGGGCACTGGCCAATTTTGAAGTCATTTCTATGCTAACATCTGTCTCTAAAAAGAAA CAGGAAGGAAGTGATGCTTCCTCGGTAACTGATATTAATGAGTTTGATAATGGCATGATC GGCGTCAATACATTTGATGCTAAGGAAGTTCATTACTCTTCTAATTTAATACACAGGCAC GTAATTCCAGCAATTAAGGGTTTTTTTCATTCCATTTCTTTATCAGAATCAAGCTCTCTT CAAGATGCATTAAGGTTATTAACTTTATGGTTTACTTTTGGTGGTATTCCAGAAGCAACC CAAGCTATGCACGAGGGTTTCAACCTAATCCAAATAGGCACATGGTTAGAAGTGTTGCCA CAGTTAATTTCTAGAATTCATCAACCCAATCAAATTGTTAGTAGGTCATTACTCTCCCTA TTATCTGATCTAGGTAAGGCTCATCCGCAGGCATTAGTGTACCCCTTAATGGTTGCGATT AAATCCGAATCTCTCTCACGACAGAAAGCAGCTTTGTCCATCATAGAAAAGATGAGAATA CATAGTCCAGTTTTGGTCGACCAGGCTGAACTTGTCAGCCACGAATTGATACGTATGGCG GTGCTTTGGCATGAGCAATGGTATGAGGGTCTGGATGACGCCAGTAGGCAGTTTTTTGGA GAACATAATACCGAAAAAATGTTTGCTGCTTTAGAGCCTCTGTACGAAATGCTGAAGAGA GGACCGGAAACTTTGAGGGAAATATCGTTCCAAAATTCTTTTGGTAGGGACTTGAATGAC GCTTACGAATGGCTGATGAATTACAAAAAATCTAAAGATGTTAGTAATTTAAACCAAGCG TGGGACATTTACTATAATGTTTTCAGGAAAATTGGTAAACAGTTGCCACAATTACAAACT CTTGAACTACAACATGTGTCGCCAAAACTACTATCTGCGCATGATTTGGAATTGGCTGTC CCCGGGACCCGTGCAAGTGGTGGAAAACCAATTGTTAAAATATCTAAATTCGAGCCAGTA TTTTCAGTAATCTCATCCAAACAAAGACCGAGAAAGTTTTGTATCAAGGGTAGTGATGGT AAAGATTATAAGTATGTGTTGAAAGGACATGAAGACATTAGACAGGATAGCTTGGTCATG CAATTATTCGGACTAGTTAACACGCTTTTGCAAAATGACGCTGAGTGCTTTAGAAGGCAT CTAGATATCCAGCAATATCCAGCAATCCCATTATCTCCGAAGTCTGGGTTACTGGGTTGG GTACCGAATAGTGACACGTTCCATGTATTAATTAGGGAGCATAGAGAAGCCAAAAAAATT CCTTTAAACATTGAGCATTGGGTCATGTTACAAATGGCACCTGATTATGACAATTTAACG TTGTTGCAGAAAGTAGAAGTCTTCACTTACGCCCTAAATAATACGGAGGGACAAGATCTT TATAAGGTGTTATGGCTGAAGAGTAGGTCATCGGAAACGTGGTTGGAGCGTAGAACTACT TACACTCGATCGCTAGCCGTGATGTCCATGACCGGTTATATATTGGGGTTAGGTGACCGC CACCCTAGTAATTTGATGTTGGATAGAATCACTGGGAAAGTCATTCATATTGATTTTGGT GATTGTTTCGAGGCTGCTATATTAAGAGAAAAATTCCCCGAAAAAGTACCTTTTAGATTA ACTAGAATGTTAACATATGCAATGGAAGTGAGTGGAATTGAAGGTAGCTTCCGTATTACT TGTGAGAATGTTATGAAGGTACTTAGAGATAACAAGGGTTCATTAATGGCAATCCTTGAA GCTTTTGCTTTCGATCCTTTGATCAATTGGGGTTTTGACTTACCAACAAAGAAAATTGAG GAAGAAACGGGCATTCAACTTCCCGTGATGAATGCCAATGAGCTATTGAGTAATGGGGCT ATTACCGAAGAAGAAGTTCAAAGGGTGGAAAACGAGCACAAGAATGCCATTCGAAATGCA AGGGCCATGTTGGTATTGAAGCGCATTACTGACAAATTAACGGGGAACGATATAAGAAGG TTTAATGACTTGGACGTTCCAGAACAAGTGGATAAACTAATCCAACAAGCCACATCAGTG GAAAACCTATGCCAACATTATATCGGTTGGTGTCCATTCTGGTAG
Protein Properties
Pfam Domain Function
Protein Residues2474
Protein Molecular Weight281565.0
Protein Theoretical pI7.54
Signalling Regions
  • None
Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Protein Sequence>Serine/threonine-protein kinase TOR2 MNKYINKYTTPPNLLSLRQRAEGKHRTRKKLTHKSHSHDDEMSTTSNTDSNHNGPNDSGR VITGSAGHIGKISFVDSELDTTFSTLNLIFDKLKSDVPQERASGANELSTTLTSLAREVS AEQFQRFSNSLNNKIFELIHGFTSSEKIGGILAVDTLISFYLSTEELPNQTSRLANYLRV LIPSSDIEVMRLAANTLGRLTVPGGTLTSDFVEFEVRTCIDWLTLTADNNSSSSKLEYRR HAALLIIKALADNSPYLLYPYVNSILDNIWVPLRDAKLIIRLDAAVALGKCLTIIQDRDP ALGKQWFQRLFQGCTHGLSLNTNDSVHATLLVFRELLSLKAPYLRDKYDDIYKSTMKYKE YKFDVIRREVYAILPLLAAFDPAIFTKKYLDRIMVHYLRYLKNIDMNAANNSDKPFILVS IGDIAFEVGSSISPYMTLILDNIREGLRTKFKVRKQFEKDLFYCIGKLACALGPAFAKHL NKDLLNLMLNCPMSDHMQETLMILNEKIPSLESTVNSRILNLLSISLSGEKFIQSNQYDF NNQFSIEKARKSRNQSFMKKTGESNDDITDAQILIQCFKMLQLIHHQYSLTEFVRLITIS YIEHEDSSVRKLAALTSCDLFIKDDICKQTSVHALHSVSEVLSKLLMIAITDPVAEIRLE ILQHLGSNFDPQLAQPDNLRLLFMALNDEIFGIQLEAIKIIGRLSSVNPAYVVPSLRKTL LELLTQLKFSNMPKKKEESATLLCTLINSSDEVAKPYIDPILDVILPKCQDASSAVASTA LKVLGELSVVGGKEMTRYLKELMPLIINTFQDQSNSFKRDAALTTLGQLAASSGYVVGPL LDYPELLGILINILKTENNPHIRRGTVRLIGILGALDPYKHREIEVTSNSKSSVEQNAPS IDIALLMQGVSPSNDEYYPTVVIHNLMKILNDPSLSIHHTAAIQAIMHIFQNLGLRCVSF LDQIIPGIILVMRSCPPSQLDFYFQQLGSLISIVKQHIRPHVEKIYGVIREFFPIIKLQI TIISVIESISKALEGEFKRFVPETLTFFLDILENDQSNKRIVPIRILKSLVTFGPNLEDY SHLIMPIVVRMTEYSAGSLKKISIITLGRLAKNINLSEMSSRIVQALVRILNNGDRELTK ATMNTLSLLLLQLGTDFVVFVPVINKALLRNRIQHSVYDQLVNKLLNNECLPTNIIFDKE NEVPERKNYEDEMQVTKLPVNQNILKNAWYCSQQKTKEDWQEWIRRLSIQLLKESPSACL RSCSSLVSVYYPLARELFNASFSSCWVELQTSYQEDLIQALCKALSSSENPPEIYQMLLN LVEFMEHDDKPLPIPIHTLGKYAQKCHAFAKALHYKEVEFLEEPKNSTIEALISINNQLH QTDSAIGILKHAQQHNELQLKETWYEKLQRWEDALAAYNEKEAAGEDSVEVMMGKLRSLY ALGEWEELSKLASEKWGTAKPEVKKAMAPLAAGAAWGLEQWDEIAQYTSVMKSQSPDKEF YDAILCLHRNNFKKAEVHIFNARDLLVTELSALVNESYNRAYNVVVRAQIIAELEEIIKY KKLPQNSDKRLTMRETWNTRLLGCQKNIDVWQRILRVRSLVIKPKEDAQVRIKFANLCRK SGRMALAKKVLNTLLEETDDPDHPNTAKASPPVVYAQLKYLWATGLQDEALKQLINFTSR MAHDLGLDPNNMIAQSVPQQSKRVPRHVEDYTKLLARCFLKQGEWRVCLQPKWRLSNPDS ILGSYLLATHFDNTWYKAWHNWALANFEVISMLTSVSKKKQEGSDASSVTDINEFDNGMI GVNTFDAKEVHYSSNLIHRHVIPAIKGFFHSISLSESSSLQDALRLLTLWFTFGGIPEAT QAMHEGFNLIQIGTWLEVLPQLISRIHQPNQIVSRSLLSLLSDLGKAHPQALVYPLMVAI KSESLSRQKAALSIIEKMRIHSPVLVDQAELVSHELIRMAVLWHEQWYEGLDDASRQFFG EHNTEKMFAALEPLYEMLKRGPETLREISFQNSFGRDLNDAYEWLMNYKKSKDVSNLNQA WDIYYNVFRKIGKQLPQLQTLELQHVSPKLLSAHDLELAVPGTRASGGKPIVKISKFEPV FSVISSKQRPRKFCIKGSDGKDYKYVLKGHEDIRQDSLVMQLFGLVNTLLQNDAECFRRH LDIQQYPAIPLSPKSGLLGWVPNSDTFHVLIREHREAKKIPLNIEHWVMLQMAPDYDNLT LLQKVEVFTYALNNTEGQDLYKVLWLKSRSSETWLERRTTYTRSLAVMSMTGYILGLGDR HPSNLMLDRITGKVIHIDFGDCFEAAILREKFPEKVPFRLTRMLTYAMEVSGIEGSFRIT CENVMKVLRDNKGSLMAILEAFAFDPLINWGFDLPTKKIEEETGIQLPVMNANELLSNGA ITEEEVQRVENEHKNAIRNARAMLVLKRITDKLTGNDIRRFNDLDVPEQVDKLIQQATSV ENLCQHYIGWCPFW
References
External Links
ResourceLink
Saccharomyces Genome Database TOR2
Uniprot IDP32600
Uniprot NameTOR2_YEAST
GenBank Gene IDX71416
Genebank Protein ID298028
General Reference
  • Kunz, J., Henriquez, R., Schneider, U., Deuter-Reinhard, M., Movva, N. R., Hall, M. N. (1993). "Target of rapamycin in yeast, TOR2, is an essential phosphatidylinositol kinase homolog required for G1 progression." Cell 73:585-596.8387896
  • Dujon, B., Alexandraki, D., Andre, B., Ansorge, W., Baladron, V., Ballesta, J. P., Banrevi, A., Bolle, P. A., Bolotin-Fukuhara, M., Bossier, P., et, a. l. .. (1994). "Complete DNA sequence of yeast chromosome XI." Nature 369:371-378.8196765
  • Zheng, X. F., Florentino, D., Chen, J., Crabtree, G. R., Schreiber, S. L. (1995). "TOR kinase domains are required for two distinct functions, only one of which is inhibited by rapamycin." Cell 82:121-130.7606777
  • Cardenas, M. E., Heitman, J. (1995). "FKBP12-rapamycin target TOR2 is a vacuolar protein with an associated phosphatidylinositol-4 kinase activity." EMBO J 14:5892-5907.8846782
  • Barbet, N. C., Schneider, U., Helliwell, S. B., Stansfield, I., Tuite, M. F., Hall, M. N. (1996). "TOR controls translation initiation and early G1 progression in yeast." Mol Biol Cell 7:25-42.8741837
  • Schmidt, A., Kunz, J., Hall, M. N. (1996). "TOR2 is required for organization of the actin cytoskeleton in yeast." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93:13780-13785.8943012
  • Schmidt, A., Beck, T., Koller, A., Kunz, J., Hall, M. N. (1998). "The TOR nutrient signalling pathway phosphorylates NPR1 and inhibits turnover of the tryptophan permease." EMBO J 17:6924-6931.9843498
  • Berset, C., Trachsel, H., Altmann, M. (1998). "The TOR (target of rapamycin) signal transduction pathway regulates the stability of translation initiation factor eIF4G in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:4264-4269.9539725
  • Jiang, Y., Broach, J. R. (1999). "Tor proteins and protein phosphatase 2A reciprocally regulate Tap42 in controlling cell growth in yeast." EMBO J 18:2782-2792.10329624
  • Powers, T., Walter, P. (1999). "Regulation of ribosome biogenesis by the rapamycin-sensitive TOR-signaling pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Mol Biol Cell 10:987-1000.10198052
  • Beck, T., Hall, M. N. (1999). "The TOR signalling pathway controls nuclear localization of nutrient-regulated transcription factors." Nature 402:689-692.10604478
  • Kunz, J., Schneider, U., Howald, I., Schmidt, A., Hall, M. N. (2000). "HEAT repeats mediate plasma membrane localization of Tor2p in yeast." J Biol Chem 275:37011-37020.10973982
  • Jacinto, E., Guo, B., Arndt, K. T., Schmelzle, T., Hall, M. N. (2001). "TIP41 interacts with TAP42 and negatively regulates the TOR signaling pathway." Mol Cell 8:1017-1026.11741537
  • Loewith, R., Jacinto, E., Wullschleger, S., Lorberg, A., Crespo, J. L., Bonenfant, D., Oppliger, W., Jenoe, P., Hall, M. N. (2002). "Two TOR complexes, only one of which is rapamycin sensitive, have distinct roles in cell growth control." Mol Cell 10:457-468.12408816
  • Wedaman, K. P., Reinke, A., Anderson, S., Yates, J. 3rd, McCaffery, J. M., Powers, T. (2003). "Tor kinases are in distinct membrane-associated protein complexes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Mol Biol Cell 14:1204-1220.12631735
  • deHart, A. K., Schnell, J. D., Allen, D. A., Tsai, J. Y., Hicke, L. (2003). "Receptor internalization in yeast requires the Tor2-Rho1 signaling pathway." Mol Biol Cell 14:4676-4684.14593073
  • Martin, D. E., Soulard, A., Hall, M. N. (2004). "TOR regulates ribosomal protein gene expression via PKA and the Forkhead transcription factor FHL1." Cell 119:969-979.15620355
  • Audhya, A., Loewith, R., Parsons, A. B., Gao, L., Tabuchi, M., Zhou, H., Boone, C., Hall, M. N., Emr, S. D. (2004). "Genome-wide lethality screen identifies new PI4,5P2 effectors that regulate the actin cytoskeleton." EMBO J 23:3747-3757.15372071
  • Wullschleger, S., Loewith, R., Oppliger, W., Hall, M. N. (2005). "Molecular organization of target of rapamycin complex 2." J Biol Chem 280:30697-30704.16002396
  • Fadri, M., Daquinag, A., Wang, S., Xue, T., Kunz, J. (2005). "The pleckstrin homology domain proteins Slm1 and Slm2 are required for actin cytoskeleton organization in yeast and bind phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate and TORC2." Mol Biol Cell 16:1883-1900.15689497
  • Kamada, Y., Fujioka, Y., Suzuki, N. N., Inagaki, F., Wullschleger, S., Loewith, R., Hall, M. N., Ohsumi, Y. (2005). "Tor2 directly phosphorylates the AGC kinase Ypk2 to regulate actin polarization." Mol Cell Biol 25:7239-7248.16055732
  • Mulet, J. M., Martin, D. E., Loewith, R., Hall, M. N. (2006). "Mutual antagonism of target of rapamycin and calcineurin signaling." J Biol Chem 281:33000-33007.16959779
  • Albuquerque, C. P., Smolka, M. B., Payne, S. H., Bafna, V., Eng, J., Zhou, H. (2008). "A multidimensional chromatography technology for in-depth phosphoproteome analysis." Mol Cell Proteomics 7:1389-1396.18407956