Citrulline (YMDB00060)

Identification
YMDB IDYMDB00060
NameCitrulline
SpeciesSaccharomyces cerevisiae
StrainBaker's yeast
DescriptionCitrulline, also known as Cit or δ-ureidonorvaline, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as l-alpha-amino acids. These are alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom. Citrulline is a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). Citrulline exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Citrulline is a potentially toxic compound.
Structure
Thumb
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms
  • (2S)-2-amino-5-(carbamoylamino)pentanoate
  • (2S)-2-amino-5-(carbamoylamino)pentanoic acid
  • (S)-2-amino-5-(aminocarbonyl)aminopentanoate
  • (S)-2-amino-5-(aminocarbonyl)aminopentanoic acid
  • (S)-2-Amino-5-ureidopentanoate
  • (S)-2-Amino-5-ureidopentanoic acid
  • 2-Amino-5-uredovalerate
  • 2-Amino-5-uredovaleric acid
  • 2-Amino-5-ureidovalerate
  • 2-Amino-5-ureidovaleric acid
  • A-amino-d-ureidovalerate
  • A-amino-d-ureidovaleric acid
  • Alpha-amino-delta-ureidovalerate
  • Alpha-amino-delta-ureidovaleric acid
  • Alpha-amino-gamma-ureidovalerate
  • Alpha-amino-gamma-ureidovaleric acid
  • Amino-ureidovalerate
  • Amino-ureidovaleric acid
  • CIR
  • CIT
  • Cytrulline
  • D-ureidonorvaline
  • Delta-ureidonorvaline
  • DL-citrulline
  • Gammaureidonorvaline
  • H-cit-oh
  • L-2-Amino-5-ureido-valerate
  • L-2-Amino-5-ureido-valeric acid
  • L-2-Amino-5-ureidovalerate
  • L-2-Amino-5-ureidovaleric acid
  • L-citrulline
  • L-cytrulline
  • L-N5-carbamoyl-Ornithine
  • L(+)-2-Amino-5-ureidovalerate
  • L(+)-2-Amino-5-ureidovaleric acid
  • L(+)-citrulline
  • N-carbamylornithine
  • N()-carbamylornithine
  • N(5)-(aminocarbonyl)-DL-Ornithine
  • N(delta)-carbamylornithine
  • N5-(aminocarbonyl)ornithine
  • N5-(Aminocarbonyl)-L-ornithine
  • N5-(aminocarbonyl)-Ornithine
  • N5-(Aminocarbonyl)ornithine
  • N5-Carbamoyl-L-ornithine
  • N5-carbamoylornithine
  • N5-carbamylornithine
  • ND-carbamylornithine
  • Ndelta-carbamy-ornithine
  • Ndelta-carbamylornithine
  • Ngamma-carbamylornithine
  • Sitrulline
  • Ureidonorvaline
  • Ureidovalerate
  • Ureidovaleric acid
  • N(5)-(Aminocarbonyl)-L-ornithine
  • a-Amino-delta-ureidovalerate
  • a-Amino-delta-ureidovaleric acid
  • Α-amino-δ-ureidovalerate
  • Α-amino-δ-ureidovaleric acid
  • Δ-ureidonorvaline
  • N(Δ)-carbamylornithine
  • a-Amino-δ-ureidovalerate
  • a-Amino-δ-ureidovaleric acid
CAS number372-75-8
WeightAverage: 175.1857
Monoisotopic: 175.095691297
InChI KeyRHGKLRLOHDJJDR-BYPYZUCNSA-N
InChIInChI=1S/C6H13N3O3/c7-4(5(10)11)2-1-3-9-6(8)12/h4H,1-3,7H2,(H,10,11)(H3,8,9,12)/t4-/m0/s1
IUPAC Name(2S)-2-amino-5-(carbamoylamino)pentanoic acid
Traditional IUPAC NameL-citrulline
Chemical FormulaC6H13N3O3
SMILES[H]OC(=O)[C@@]([H])(N([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])C(=O)N([H])[H]
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as l-alpha-amino acids. These are alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassCarboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassAmino acids, peptides, and analogues
Direct ParentL-alpha-amino acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • L-alpha-amino acid
  • Fatty acid
  • Isourea
  • Amino acid
  • Carboximidic acid derivative
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboximidamide
  • Amine
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary amine
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Primary aliphatic amine
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Imine
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Charge0
Melting point235.5 °C
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Water Solubility212 mg/mL [HMP experimental]PhysProp
LogP-3.19 [SANGSTER (1994)]PhysProp
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility21.8 g/LALOGPS
logP-3.3ALOGPS
logP-3.9ChemAxon
logS-0.9ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)2.27ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)9.23ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count4ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area118.44 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count5ChemAxon
Refractivity41.33 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability17.35 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • cytoplasm
Organoleptic PropertiesNot Available
SMPDB PathwaysNot Available
KEGG Pathways
Arginine and proline metabolismec00330 Map00330
SMPDB Reactions
Adenosine triphosphate + Citrulline + L-Aspartic acid → Pyrophosphate + Adenosine monophosphate + Argininosuccinic acid
KEGG Reactions
L-Aspartic acid + Adenosine triphosphate + Citrulline ↔ Adenosine monophosphate + Pyrophosphate + Argininosuccinic acid + hydron
Ornithine + Carbamoylphosphate → Citrulline + phosphate + hydron
Concentrations
Intracellular Concentrations
Intracellular ConcentrationSubstrateGrowth ConditionsStrainCitation
5000 ± 0 µM Minimal medium supplemented with ammonium and glucoseaerobic;growing cellsBaker's yeastPMID: 4578278
2000 ± 0 µM Minimal medium supplemented with arginine and glucoseaerobic;growing cellsBaker's yeastPMID: 4578278
Conversion Details Here
Extracellular ConcentrationsNot Available
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized)splash10-0a4i-0920000000-2d92b63cd5d9648023b8JSpectraViewer | MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (3 TMS)splash10-00di-9610000000-2e7cd23afc2adcef35a3JSpectraViewer | MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-0a4i-0920000000-2d92b63cd5d9648023b8JSpectraViewer | MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-00di-9610000000-2e7cd23afc2adcef35a3JSpectraViewer | MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-007o-9100000000-1f8dd2c6648b104639c7JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-00dl-9410000000-37909012a777213f8566JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_4) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_4) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-0a4i-0900000000-4c1d7af748a47e489949JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-00di-9000000000-988fced362fc0da157c9JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-00di-9000000000-0818e0e8bcee12692498JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-004j-0900000000-5fa8a338dcd2f2a6bdd2JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-004i-0900000000-16763200aa07f7629ad4JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-03di-3900000000-d9cfc5187aa799f6f978JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-10ee9a593e13550bec1cJSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-004i-0900000000-45d272576af34c9512a3JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-014i-3900000000-6177a284fdea5a3f1306JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-d9456d45e2dbd7a3df10JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-004i-0900000000-ada57cdc73bda93be483JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-008a-0904000000-23fbe48f82e515087d68JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-03di-5900000000-78afcbaf8b8b3eabf174JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-001i-0900000000-8fb191d4c20fd54b9282JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-00di-0900000000-da484f0362a8dca5127eJSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negativesplash10-00e9-0900000000-46229b4f77feabb3f857JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negativesplash10-001i-0900000000-4aca1022c393602a297dJSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negativesplash10-001i-0900000000-3bc2eff2e907b7734cc8JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negativesplash10-001i-3900000000-2613bf40e3be814da86fJSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negativesplash10-0006-9300000000-e83287bbc060eb9cf6f3JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Positivesplash10-056r-0900000000-694a8872bdfd7eec1f2bJSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Positivesplash10-08fr-2900000000-15b4711991ea9985fb2bJSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Positivesplash10-00di-9300000000-915fbb73e0b728420e4aJSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Positivesplash10-00di-9000000000-67e60567f5c062728350JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Positivesplash10-00di-9000000000-25140713431edd7c5eeaJSpectraViewer | MoNA
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
2D NMR[1H,1H] 2D NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
2D NMR[1H,13C] 2D NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
References
References:
  • UniProt Consortium (2011). "Ongoing and future developments at the Universal Protein Resource." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D214-D219.21051339
  • Scheer, M., Grote, A., Chang, A., Schomburg, I., Munaretto, C., Rother, M., Sohngen, C., Stelzer, M., Thiele, J., Schomburg, D. (2011). "BRENDA, the enzyme information system in 2011." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D670-D676.21062828
  • Herrgard, M. J., Swainston, N., Dobson, P., Dunn, W. B., Arga, K. Y., Arvas, M., Bluthgen, N., Borger, S., Costenoble, R., Heinemann, M., Hucka, M., Le Novere, N., Li, P., Liebermeister, W., Mo, M. L., Oliveira, A. P., Petranovic, D., Pettifer, S., Simeonidis, E., Smallbone, K., Spasic, I., Weichart, D., Brent, R., Broomhead, D. S., Westerhoff, H. V., Kirdar, B., Penttila, M., Klipp, E., Palsson, B. O., Sauer, U., Oliver, S. G., Mendes, P., Nielsen, J., Kell, D. B. (2008). "A consensus yeast metabolic network reconstruction obtained from a community approach to systems biology." Nat Biotechnol 26:1155-1160.18846089
  • Abadjieva, A., Pauwels, K., Hilven, P., Crabeel, M. (2001). "A new yeast metabolon involving at least the two first enzymes of arginine biosynthesis: acetylglutamate synthase activity requires complex formation with acetylglutamate kinase." J Biol Chem 276:42869-42880.11553611
  • Eisenstein, E., Osborne, J. C. Jr, Chaiken, I. M., Hensley, P. (1984). "Purification and characterization of ornithine transcarbamoylase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae." J Biol Chem 259:5139-5145.6370999
  • Gancedo, J. M., Gancedo, C. (1973). "Concentrations of intermediary metabolites in yeast." Biochimie 55:205-211.4578278
Synthesis Reference:Kakimoto, Toshio; Shibatani, Takeji; Nishimura, Noriyuki; Chibata, Ichiro. Enzymic production of L-citrulline by Pseudomonas putida. Applied Microbiology (1971), 22(6), 992-9.
External Links:
ResourceLink
CHEBI ID16349
HMDB IDHMDB00904
Pubchem Compound ID9750
Kegg IDC00327
ChemSpider ID9367
FOODB IDFDB011841
WikipediaCitrulline
BioCyc IDL-CITRULLINE

Enzymes

Protein Details
1. Argininosuccinate synthase
General function:
Involved in argininosuccinate synthase activity
Specific function:
In yeast, as can have a catabolic function since it allows efficient utilization of citrulline via arginine and the reactions involved in the arginase pathway
Gene Name:
ARG1
Uniprot ID:
P22768
Molecular weight:
46939.30078
Reactions
ATP + L-citrulline + L-aspartate → AMP + diphosphate + N(omega)-(L-arginino)succinate.
Protein Details
2. Ornithine carbamoyltransferase
General function:
Involved in carboxyl- or carbamoyltransferase activity
Specific function:
Carbamoyl phosphate + L-ornithine = phosphate + L-citrulline
Gene Name:
ARG3
Uniprot ID:
P05150
Molecular weight:
37844.80078
Reactions
Carbamoyl phosphate + L-ornithine → phosphate + L-citrulline.